Genetic modification

What is genetic modification?

Genetic modification is a technology for altering the DNA of living organisms. For thousands of years people have selectively bred plants and animals with the characteristics they desire. Genetic modification allows scientists to changes genes in a more controlled way. Genes can be switched on or off, new characteristics can be introduced more quickly, and genes can be moved between unrelated species. This makes it possible to introduce characteristics that would not be possible through conventional breeding. ²²⁶³

The Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996 defines “genetically modified organism” to mean any organism in which any of the genes or other genetic material (a) have been modified by in vitro techniques; or (b) are inherited or otherwise derived, through any number of replications, from any genes or other genetic material which has been modified by in vitro techniques. ²²⁶⁴  It does not include organisms resulting from selection or natural regeneration, hand pollination, or other managed, controlled pollination. ²²⁶⁵

How is genetic modification managed in New Zealand?

The Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996 (“HSNO Act”) controls new organisms, which includes genetically modified organisms. ²²⁶⁶  The EPA administers many of the functions set out in the HSNO Act. Approval must be obtained from the EPA before any new organism can be imported into New Zealand, grown or developed in containment, field tested, or released into the environment. ²²⁶⁷

Last updated at 12:09PM on November 27, 2017